Reptilia · Squamata
Elgaria kingiiGray, 1838
Madrean Alligator Lizard
Photograph by Marshal Hedin from San Diego, CC BY-SA, via Wikimedia Commons
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A ground-dwelling, day-active, meat-eating lizard from the Nearctic region, reaching 140 mm snout to vent.
Also called Arizona Alligator Lizard.
Once published as Elgaria usafa, Gerrhonotus kingi — those names reach this page.
Reptilia › Squamata › Anguidae › Elgaria
- Grows to
- 140mm
- greatest recorded
- Eats
- Carnivorous
- Active
- Diurnal
- Lives up to
- 15years
Longer than 57% of all species in Anguidae anyone has measured.
The bar is the rank itself: its length is the share of the family this animal exceeds. The chart below is the family’s real spread, on a logarithmic scale because body length here runs from 72 to 610 mm. The solid rule is this animal. Every bar is a count of real species, and nothing on this figure is estimated.
What is known
41 sourced facts, each taken from a named scientific dataset. How to read these.
Cited from a dataset unless a row is marked otherwise.
Standing in the world
- Still living
- Extant
- Conservation status
- Least Concern
- Status assessed · the year the Red List last looked
- 2007
- Population trend
- Stable
The animal itself
- Limbs
- Four legs
- Venomous
- No
- Fangs
- None
- Longest recorded life
- 15years
- Body temperature when active · measured in the wild
- 34.15°C93 °F
- Body temp in the wild · mean, when active
- 34–34.3°C93–94 °F
Carey and Judge 2000, more than 15 (Degenhardt et al. 1996), Slavens and Slavens 1999: 12.33
mean body temperature of active individuals in nature
body temperature of active animals in nature
Size
- Length snout to vent · greatest recorded
- 140mm5.5 in
- Length snout to vent · adult female mean
- 109mm4.25 in
- Largest female · snout to vent
- 109mm4.25 in
- Hatchling length · snout to vent
- 33mm1.25 in
- Largest juvenile · snout to vent
- 33mm1.25 in
- Body mass · greatestcomputed
- 50.53g1.8 oz
- Body mass · a typical adult
- 10g0.35 oz
max 140 mm SVL (Feldman et al. 2016)
snout-vent length; the source column mixes this with straight carapace length
computed from length by a family-level allometric equation, not weighed
AnAge rates this record "acceptable"
How it lives
- Diet
- Carnivorous
- How it hunts
- Active foraging
- Active
- Diurnal
- Where it lives
- Cryptic, terrestrial
- Habitat
- Desert, Forest, Grassland, Shrubland
- Biome
- Tropical & Subtropical Coniferous Forests
- Active season · months of the year
- 7months
- Region
- Nearctic
- Mainland or island
- Mainland
- Elevation · above sea level
- 730–2770m
- Range size
- 305,396km²
Invertebrates (arthropods, Lemos-Espinal et al. 2013, Rorabaugh and Lemos-Espinal 2016, Stebbins and McGinnis 2018)
"forager" (Lemos-Espinal et al. 2013), active (Scales and Butler 2015)
"sometimes abroad at dusk or after dark" (Stebbins 2003), Diurnal (Degenhardt et al. 1996, Lemos-Espinal and Smith 2007b, Lemos-Espinal et al. 2013, Cruz-Saenz et al. 2008), mostly diurnal, also active on warm evenings (Jones and Lovich 2009), diurnal and crepuscular (Rorabaugh and Lemos-Espinal 2016)
Terrestrial, Cryptic/terrestrial (Cruz-Saenz et al. 2008), chiefly ground dwelling, ocassionally climb (Stebbins and McGinnis 2018)
up to 2675 (Lemos-Espinal et al. 2013), 730-2770 (Stebbins and McGinnis 2018)
Breeding
- Reproduction
- Oviparous
- Average clutch
- 12eggs
- Eggs or young per clutch
- 9–15eggs
- Mean clutch
- 12eggs
- Clutches in a year
- 1per year
- Clutches a year
- 1per year
9-15 (Zaldivar Riveron et al. 2002, Stebbins and McGinnis 2018), 12-15 (Lemos-Espinal et al. 2013, Rorabaugh and Lemos-Espinal 2016)
Naming and history
- Suborder
- Sauria
- Infraorder
- Anguimoprha
- Subspecies
- Elgaria kingii kingii GRAY 1838 Elgaria kingii nobilis BAIRD & GIRARD 1852 Elgaria kingii ferruginea (WEBB 1962)
- Described by
- Gray
- Moved to another genus · since it was first described
- No
- Described in
- 1838
- Type locality
- Mexico
Keeping one
22 in × 22 in × 14 in(56 × 56 × 35 cm)
Minimum length × width × height, for one animal. Bigger is always better.
The standard sizes ground-dwelling species at 4 × 4 × 2.5 times snout-vent length.
Mindestanforderungen an die Haltung von Reptilien (Sachverständigengutachten), German Federal Ministry for Nutrition, Agriculture and Forestry, Animal Welfare Division, 10 January 1997. The standard states these floor areas are recommendations rather than binding limits.
From this animal’s own snout-vent length of 5.5 in (140 mm), at 4 × 4 × 2.5 times it, following the German federal welfare standard — how this is worked out.
Active animals measured in the wild averaged 94 °F (34.2 °C).
Mean body temperature of active individuals measured in nature. A measurement of the animal, not a setting for a thermostat.
Feeding
A prey item should be no wider than the space between the animal's eyes.
Widely used across reptile husbandry references. The stated reason is that the gap approximates the width of the throat, so wider prey is associated with impaction. This is established practice, not a measurement.
6kJ per day
Worked out for an animal of 51 g, the heaviest recorded for Madrean Alligator Lizard — so it is the top of the range, not a figure for a particular animal. Weigh yours and the number will be lower.
An upper estimate, not a feeding target, and not veterinary advice. The equation covers only what an animal burns staying alive, so a growing, gravid or recovering animal needs more — and it was measured on wild animals, which move far more than one in an enclosure. Body condition and a vet who knows the species are what a feeding decision should rest on. Where this comes from.
What nobody knows
These are not gaps in our research. No scientific dataset records them for this species — and saying so is information you cannot get from a reference that simply leaves a field out.
- — Length snout to vent · adult male mean
- — Length snout to vent · adult mean
- — Length nose to tail · greatest recorded
- — Female length · mean, nose to tail
- — Length nose to tail · adult male mean
- — Length nose to tail · adult mean
- — Largest male · snout to vent
- — Largest female · shell length
- — Largest male · shell length
- — Hatchling length · nose to tail
- — Largest juvenile · shell length
- — Egg length
- — Egg width
- — Body mass · adult female, mean
- — Body mass at hatching
- — Preferred body temperature · chosen in a laboratory gradient
- — Eats arthropods
- — Eats vertebrates
- — Eats plant matter
- — How the young develop
- — Gestation or incubation
- — First breeds from · youngest recorded
- — First breeds by · oldest recorded
- — Hatchling length · smallest recorded
- — Hatchling length · largest recorded
- — Age at first breeding · female
- — Mature from · youngest recorded
- — Mature by · oldest recorded
- — Size at maturity · smallest recorded
- — Size at maturity · largest recorded
- — Colour on the back
- — Pattern on the back
- — Pupil
- — Sex decided by
- — Red List criteria
- — Density · lowest recorded
- — Density · highest recorded
- — Home range · largest recorded
- — Active in
Others in Anguidae
- Anzuetoi Arboreal Alligator Lizard
- Argueta Arboreal Alligator Lizard
- Asian Glass Lizard
- Baja California Legless Lizard
- Bakersfield Legless Lizard
- Banded Arboreal Alligator Lizard
- Bogert's Arboreal Alligator Lizard
- Brilliant Arboreal Alligator Lizard
- Buettikofer's Glass Lizard
- California Legless Lizard
- Campbell's Alligator Lizard
- Cedros Island Alligator Lizard
Take this data
Everything on this page is available as data under CC BY 4.0 — use it freely, credit it, no permission needed.
This species as JSON · the whole dataset
Cite this page
The Reptile & Amphibian Encyclopedia (2026). Elgaria kingii. Retrieved 2026-09-08, from https://www.allanglescreatures.com/species/elgaria-kingii
@misc{elgaria_kingii_2026,
title = {Elgaria kingii},
author = {{The Reptile & Amphibian Encyclopedia}},
year = {2026},
url = {https://www.allanglescreatures.com/species/elgaria-kingii}
}Sources
- Meiri, S. (2024). SquamBase — a database of squamate (Reptilia: Squamata) traits. Global Ecology and Biogeography. Public domain (CC0).
- Oskyrko, O. et al. (2024). ReptTraits: a comprehensive dataset of ecological traits in reptiles. Scientific Data. Used under CC BY 4.0.
- Catalogue of Life (dataset 3LR), used under CC BY.
- AnAge, Human Ageing Genomic Resources (de Magalhães et al.), used under CC BY 3.0.