Reptilia · Squamata
Tiliqua occipitalisPeters, 1863
Western Bluetongue
Photograph placed in the public domain, CC0, via iNaturalist
A ground-dwelling, day-active, omnivorous skink from the Australo-Pacific region, reaching 320 mm snout to vent.
Also called Western Blue-Tongued Lizard.
Reptilia › Squamata › Scincidae › Tiliqua
- Grows to
- 320mm
- greatest recorded
- Eats
- Omnivorous
- Active
- Diurnal
- Lives up to
- 7.4years
Longer than 99% of all skinks anyone has measured.
The bar is the rank itself: its length is the share of the family this animal exceeds. The chart below is the family’s real spread, on a logarithmic scale because body length here runs from 24 to 500 mm. The solid rule is this animal. Every bar is a count of real species, and nothing on this figure is estimated.
What is known
43 sourced facts, each taken from a named scientific dataset. How to read these.
Cited from a dataset unless a row is marked otherwise.
Standing in the world
- Still living
- Extant
- Conservation status
- Least Concern
- Status assessed · the year the Red List last looked
- 2017
- Population trend
- Stable
The animal itself
- Limbs
- Four legs
- Venomous
- No
- Fangs
- None
- Longest recorded life
- 7.4years
- Preferred body temperature · chosen in a laboratory gradientmeasured
- 32.9°C
- Body temperature when active · measured in the wild
- 33.2°C92 °F
- Body temp in the wild · mean, when active
- 32.7–33.7°C91–93 °F
Slavens and Slavens 1999
mean body temperature of active individuals in nature
body temperature of active animals in nature
Size
- Length snout to vent · greatest recorded
- 320mm12.5 in
- Length snout to vent · adult female mean
- 272.7mm10.5 in
- Largest female · snout to vent
- 272.7mm10.5 in
- Hatchling length · snout to vent
- 102.5mm4 in
- Largest juvenile · snout to vent
- 102.5mm4 in
- Body mass · greatestcomputed
- 819.5g1.8 lb
- Body mass · adult female, meanmeasured
- 250g8.8 oz
- Body mass at hatchingmeasured
- 27.5g0.97 oz
max 320 mm SVL (Feldman et al. 2016)
snout-vent length; the source column mixes this with straight carapace length
computed from length by a family-level allometric equation, not weighed
How it lives
- Diet
- Omnivorous
- How it hunts
- Active foraging
- Active
- Diurnal
- Where it lives
- Terrestrial
- Habitat
- Forest, Grassland, Shrubland
- Biome
- Deserts & Xeric Shrublands
- Active season · months of the year
- 12months
- Region
- Australo-Pacific
- Mainland or island
- Mainland
- Elevation · above sea level
- 50–250m
- Range size
- 2,511,015km²
Omnivorous - mostly herbivorous, also arthropods and presumably carrion (Shea 2006), snails, slugs, carrion flowers and fruit (Bush et al. 2010), see Swan and Watharow 2005, arthropods, berreis, fruit, bird eggs and fungi (Robertson and Coventry 2019), herbivorous (Masson et al. 2023)
Active foraging
(e.g., Swan et al. 2017, Robertson and Coventry 2019, Swan 2020, Lazzari et al. 2022) - may be active at night in warm weather (Robertson and Coventry 2019)
e.g., Swan et al. 2017, Foster et al. 2018, Robertson and Coventry 2019, Masson et al. 2023
Breeding
- Reproduction
- Viviparous
- Average clutch
- 5eggs
- Eggs or young per clutch
- 2–10eggs
- Mean clutch
- 5eggs
- Clutches in a year
- 0.75per year
- Clutches a year
- 0.5–1per year
4-10, average 5 (Swan and Watharow 2005), 2-5 (Brown 2012), 7 (Dave Chapple pers. comm., 27.2.2019 ; n=1), 2-7 (Robertson and Coventry 2019)
Naming and history
- Suborder
- Sauria
- Infraorder
- Scincoidea
- Subspecies
- No
- Described by
- Peters
- Moved to another genus · since it was first described
- Yes
- Described in
- 1863
- Type locality
- Australia
Keeping one
4 ft 2 in × 4 ft 2 in × 2 ft 7 in(128 × 128 × 80 cm)
Minimum length × width × height, for one animal. Bigger is always better.
The standard sizes ground-dwelling species at 4 × 4 × 2.5 times snout-vent length.
Mindestanforderungen an die Haltung von Reptilien (Sachverständigengutachten), German Federal Ministry for Nutrition, Agriculture and Forestry, Animal Welfare Division, 10 January 1997. The standard states these floor areas are recommendations rather than binding limits.
From this animal’s own snout-vent length of 12.5 in (320 mm), at 4 × 4 × 2.5 times it, following the German federal welfare standard — how this is worked out.
In a laboratory thermal gradient this species settled at 91 °F (32.9 °C).
Preferred body temperature, recorded in a laboratory gradient where the animal could choose freely. A measurement of the animal, not a setting for a thermostat.
Feeding
A prey item should be no wider than the space between the animal's eyes.
Widely used across reptile husbandry references. The stated reason is that the gap approximates the width of the throat, so wider prey is associated with impaction. This is established practice, not a measurement.
76kJ per day
Worked out for an animal of 820 g, the heaviest recorded for Western Bluetongue — so it is the top of the range, not a figure for a particular animal. Weigh yours and the number will be lower.
An upper estimate, not a feeding target, and not veterinary advice. The equation covers only what an animal burns staying alive, so a growing, gravid or recovering animal needs more — and it was measured on wild animals, which move far more than one in an enclosure. Body condition and a vet who knows the species are what a feeding decision should rest on. Where this comes from.
What nobody knows
These are not gaps in our research. No scientific dataset records them for this species — and saying so is information you cannot get from a reference that simply leaves a field out.
- — Length snout to vent · adult male mean
- — Length snout to vent · adult mean
- — Length nose to tail · greatest recorded
- — Female length · mean, nose to tail
- — Length nose to tail · adult male mean
- — Length nose to tail · adult mean
- — Largest male · snout to vent
- — Largest female · shell length
- — Largest male · shell length
- — Hatchling length · nose to tail
- — Largest juvenile · shell length
- — Egg length
- — Egg width
- — Body mass · a typical adult
- — Eats arthropods
- — Eats vertebrates
- — Eats plant matter
- — How the young develop
- — Gestation or incubation
- — First breeds from · youngest recorded
- — First breeds by · oldest recorded
- — Hatchling length · smallest recorded
- — Hatchling length · largest recorded
- — Age at first breeding · female
- — Mature from · youngest recorded
- — Mature by · oldest recorded
- — Size at maturity · smallest recorded
- — Size at maturity · largest recorded
- — Colour on the back
- — Pattern on the back
- — Pupil
- — Sex decided by
- — Red List criteria
- — Density · lowest recorded
- — Density · highest recorded
- — Home range · largest recorded
- — Active in
Others in Scincidae
Take this data
Everything on this page is available as data under CC BY 4.0 — use it freely, credit it, no permission needed.
This species as JSON · the whole dataset
Cite this page
The Reptile & Amphibian Encyclopedia (2026). Tiliqua occipitalis. Retrieved 2026-09-08, from https://www.allanglescreatures.com/species/tiliqua-occipitalis
@misc{tiliqua_occipitalis_2026,
title = {Tiliqua occipitalis},
author = {{The Reptile & Amphibian Encyclopedia}},
year = {2026},
url = {https://www.allanglescreatures.com/species/tiliqua-occipitalis}
}Sources
- Meiri, S. (2024). SquamBase — a database of squamate (Reptilia: Squamata) traits. Global Ecology and Biogeography. Public domain (CC0).
- Oskyrko, O. et al. (2024). ReptTraits: a comprehensive dataset of ecological traits in reptiles. Scientific Data. Used under CC BY 4.0.
- Catalogue of Life (dataset 3LR), used under CC BY.