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Squamata · UropeltidaeEntry 18,283 of 21,572

Reptilia · Squamata

Rhinophis melanoleucusCyriac, Narayanan, Sampaio, Umesh, Gower, 2020

Wayanad Earth Snake

No photograph of this species exists under a license anyone may reuse. It gets the same page regardless.

A day-active, meat-eating lizard from the Oriental region, reaching 461 mm nose to tail.

ReptiliaSquamataUropeltidaeRhinophis

Grows to
461mm
greatest recorded
Eats
Carnivorous
Active
Diurnal
Weighs up to
40.7g
greatest
Body length across Uropeltidae

Longer than 86% of all species in Uropeltidae anyone has measured.

86% of 63 species are smaller14% larger
157 mmthe whole family, smallest to largest740 mm

The bar is the rank itself: its length is the share of the family this animal exceeds. The chart below is the family’s real spread, on a logarithmic scale because body length here runs from 157 to 740 mm. The solid rule is this animal. Every bar is a count of real species, and nothing on this figure is estimated.

What is known

17 sourced facts, each taken from a named scientific dataset. How to read these.

Cited from a dataset unless a row is marked otherwise.

Standing in the world

Still living
Extant

The animal itself

Limbs
None
Venomous
No

Size

Length snout to vent · greatest recorded
450mm17.5 in

Cyriac et al. 2020b

Length nose to tail · greatest recorded
461mm18 in

snakes only in this source

Body mass · greatestcomputed
40.7g1.4 oz

computed from length by a family-level allometric equation, not weighed

How it lives

Dietcomputed
Carnivorous

no actual data but can be imputed as carnivorous like all snakes

Active
Diurnal

"The holotype was found at 08:00, moving on the surface of a forest track alongside a stream and close to an adjacent tea plantation. Paratypes BNHS 3537 and BNHS 3538 were found at 15:00 and 09:00, respectively, the for_x0002_mer dead on a paved road, and the latter on the ground surface in an abandoned coffee plantation. Referred specimen BNHS 3539 was dug from a depth of approximately 0.5 m during excavations for a road extension in mid-elevation wet-evergreen forest (rainfall approximately 5,000 mm per year) with trees including Cinnamomum malabatrum (Burm. f.) J.Presl, Meliosma simplicifolia (Roxb.), Actinodaphne malabarica Balakr. and Elaeocarpus tuberculatus Roxb. in addition to farmed coffee. Paratypes ZSI/WGRC/IR/V/3100 and ZSI/WGRC/IR/V/3101 were found at approximately 07.00 and 18.30 respectively, moving among grass on the side of a tarred road inside the Veterinary and Animal Sciences University campus, Pookode. Paratypes BNHS 3535 and BNHS 3536 were found dead on a tarred road between 07.00 and 08.00." (recorded by Anuj Shinde),

Region
Oriental
Mainland or island
Mainland

Naming and history

Suborder
Serpentes
Infraorder
Alethinophidia
Subspecies
No
Described by
Cyriac, Narayanan, Sampaio, Umesh, Gower
Moved to another genus · since it was first described
No
Described in
2020
Type locality
India

Keeping one

5 ft 11 in × 5 ft 11 in × 3 ft 8 in(180 × 180 × 113 cm)

Minimum length × width × height, for one animal. Bigger is always better.

The standard sizes ground-dwelling species at 4 × 4 × 2.5 times snout-vent length.

Mindestanforderungen an die Haltung von Reptilien (Sachverständigengutachten), German Federal Ministry for Nutrition, Agriculture and Forestry, Animal Welfare Division, 10 January 1997. The standard states these floor areas are recommendations rather than binding limits.

From this animal’s own snout-vent length of 17.5 in (450 mm), at 4 × 4 × 2.5 times it, following the German federal welfare standard — how this is worked out.

No preferred body temperature has been recorded for Wayanad Earth Snake. Rather than repeat a number from a care sheet, this page leaves it out.

Feeding

A prey item should be no wider than the space between the animal's eyes.

Widely used across reptile husbandry references. The stated reason is that the gap approximates the width of the throat, so wider prey is associated with impaction. This is established practice, not a measurement.

5kJ per day

Worked out for an animal of 41 g, the heaviest recorded for Wayanad Earth Snake — so it is the top of the range, not a figure for a particular animal. Weigh yours and the number will be lower.

An upper estimate, not a feeding target, and not veterinary advice. The equation covers only what an animal burns staying alive, so a growing, gravid or recovering animal needs more — and it was measured on wild animals, which move far more than one in an enclosure. Body condition and a vet who knows the species are what a feeding decision should rest on. Where this comes from.

What nobody knows

These are not gaps in our research. No scientific dataset records them for this species — and saying so is information you cannot get from a reference that simply leaves a field out.

  • Length snout to vent · adult female mean
  • Length snout to vent · adult male mean
  • Length snout to vent · adult mean
  • Female length · mean, nose to tail
  • Length nose to tail · adult male mean
  • Length nose to tail · adult mean
  • Largest female · snout to vent
  • Largest male · snout to vent
  • Largest female · shell length
  • Largest male · shell length
  • Hatchling length · snout to vent
  • Hatchling length · nose to tail
  • Largest juvenile · snout to vent
  • Largest juvenile · shell length
  • Egg length
  • Egg width
  • Body mass · a typical adult
  • Body mass · adult female, mean
  • Body mass at hatching
  • Longest recorded life
  • Preferred body temperature · chosen in a laboratory gradient
  • Body temperature when active · measured in the wild
  • Eats arthropods
  • Eats vertebrates
  • Eats plant matter
  • How it hunts
  • Where it lives
  • Reproduction
  • How the young develop
  • Gestation or incubation
  • Average clutch
  • Smallest clutch recorded
  • Largest clutch recorded
  • Mean clutch · smallest reported
  • Mean clutch · largest reported
  • Clutches in a year
  • Clutches a year · fewest
  • Clutches a year · most
  • First breeds from · youngest recorded
  • First breeds by · oldest recorded
  • Hatchling length · smallest recorded
  • Hatchling length · largest recorded
  • Age at first breeding · female
  • Mature from · youngest recorded
  • Mature by · oldest recorded
  • Size at maturity · smallest recorded
  • Size at maturity · largest recorded
  • Fangs
  • Body temp in the wild · lowest mean recorded
  • Body temp in the wild · highest mean recorded
  • Colour on the back
  • Pattern on the back
  • Pupil
  • Sex decided by
  • Conservation status
  • Status assessed · the year the Red List last looked
  • Population trend
  • Red List criteria
  • Biome
  • Active season · shortest recorded
  • Active season · longest recorded
  • Density · lowest recorded
  • Density · highest recorded
  • Home range · largest recorded
  • Habitat
  • Active in
  • Lowest it lives · above sea level
  • Highest it lives · above sea level
  • Range size

Others in Uropeltidae

Take this data

Everything on this page is available as data under CC BY 4.0 — use it freely, credit it, no permission needed.

This species as JSON · the whole dataset

Cite this page

The Reptile & Amphibian Encyclopedia (2026). Rhinophis melanoleucus. Retrieved 2026-09-08, from https://www.allanglescreatures.com/species/rhinophis-melanoleucus

@misc{rhinophis_melanoleucus_2026,
  title  = {Rhinophis melanoleucus},
  author = {{The Reptile & Amphibian Encyclopedia}},
  year   = {2026},
  url    = {https://www.allanglescreatures.com/species/rhinophis-melanoleucus}
}

Sources

  1. Meiri, S. (2024). SquamBase — a database of squamate (Reptilia: Squamata) traits. Global Ecology and Biogeography. Public domain (CC0).
  2. Catalogue of Life (dataset 3LR), used under CC BY.
  3. Oskyrko, O. et al. (2024). ReptTraits: a comprehensive dataset of ecological traits in reptiles. Scientific Data. Used under CC BY 4.0.