Reptilia · Squamata
Pseudocerastes fieldiSchmidt, 1930
Field's Horned Viper
Photograph placed in the public domain, CC0, via iNaturalist
A ground-dwelling, nocturnal, meat-eating snake from the Saharo-Sindian region, reaching 930 mm nose to tail.
Reptilia › Squamata › Viperidae › Pseudocerastes
- Grows to
- 930mm
- greatest recorded
- Eats
- Carnivorous
- Active
- Nocturnal
- Lives up to
- 10.5years
Longer than 58% of all vipers anyone has measured.
The bar is the rank itself: its length is the share of the family this animal exceeds. The chart below is the family’s real spread, on a logarithmic scale because body length here runs from 280 to 3,900 mm. The solid rule is this animal. Every bar is a count of real species, and nothing on this figure is estimated.
What is known
38 sourced facts, each taken from a named scientific dataset. How to read these.
Cited from a dataset unless a row is marked otherwise.
Standing in the world
- Still living
- Extant
- Conservation status
- Least Concern
- Status assessed · the year the Red List last looked
- 2012
- Population trend
- Stable
The animal itself
- Limbs
- None
- Venomous
- Yes
- Fangs
- At the front of the mouth
- Longest recorded life
- 10.5years
Bar et al. 2021 (10.5 years in captivity)
Size
- Length snout to vent · greatest recorded
- 847mm2 ft 9 in
- Length snout to vent · adult female mean
- 630mm2 ft 1 in
- Length nose to tail · greatest recorded
- 930mm3 ft 1 in
- Hatchling length · snout to vent
- 123mm4.75 in
- Hatchling length · nose to tail
- 165mm6.5 in
- Body mass · greatestcomputed
- 406g14.3 oz
- Body mass · adult female, meanmeasured
- 205.2g7.2 oz
- Body mass at hatchingmeasured
- 3g0.11 oz
890 mm total length (Feldman et al. 2016), 500-800 (Eid 2021), Bar et al. 2021 (140-930 mm total length, mass 3-760 g), 757.7 g (the Steinhardt Museum of Natural History, mean adult female SVL 630 mm, SMNH Aug 2023, n = 4, 2 smallest 118, 128 mm SVL, max SVL 847 mm), Spawls et al. 2023 (40-90, hatchlings 15-19 cm TL)
snakes only in this source
computed from length by a family-level allometric equation, not weighed
How it lives
- Diet
- Carnivorous
- How it hunts
- Mixed
- Active
- Nocturnal
- Where it lives
- Terrestrial
- Habitat
- Desert, Shrubland, Wetlands
- Biome
- Deserts & Xeric Shrublands
- Region
- Saharo-Sindian
- Mainland or island
- Mainland
- Highest it lives · above sea level
- 2200m
- Range size
- 532,490km²
lizards, birds and mammals (Eid 2021), adults take rodents and birds, young eat lizards (Bar et al. 2021, Spawls et al. 2023)
Sit (Feldman 2015), both sit and wait and active foraging (Bar et al. 2021)
(Scharf et al. 2015, Eid 2021), almost completely nocturnal, only seen during the day in cold conditions (Bar et al. 2021), usually nocturnal, sometimes active by day or dusk (Spawls et al. 2023)
Scharf et al. 2015, sm. Pers obs., Spawls et al. 2023
0-1000 (Feldman 2015), 0 to over 2200 (Spawls et al. 2023)
Breeding
- Reproduction
- Oviparous
- Average clutch
- 15eggs
- Eggs or young per clutch
- 10–21eggs
- Mean clutch
- 16eggs
- Clutches in a year
- 1per year
Feldman et al. 2015, Spawls et al. 2023
mean 16 (Scharf et al. 2015), 12-20 (Eid 2021), 13-21 (Bar et al. 2021), 10-21 (Spawls et al. 2023)
Naming and history
- Suborder
- Serpentes
- Infraorder
- Alethinophidia
- Subspecies
- No
- Described by
- Schmidt
- Moved to another genus · since it was first described
- No
- Described in
- 1930
- Type locality
- Jordan
Keeping one
3 ft 1 in × 18.5 in × 2 ft 3 in(93 × 47 × 70 cm)
Minimum length × width × height, for one animal. Bigger is always better.
The standard sizes snakes as a fraction of total length: 1 × 0.5 × 0.75.
Mindestanforderungen an die Haltung von Reptilien (Sachverständigengutachten), German Federal Ministry for Nutrition, Agriculture and Forestry, Animal Welfare Division, 10 January 1997. The standard states these floor areas are recommendations rather than binding limits.
From this animal’s own total length of 3 ft 1 in (930 mm), at 1 × 0.5 × 0.75 times it, following the German federal welfare standard — how this is worked out.
No preferred body temperature has been recorded for Field's Horned Viper. Rather than repeat a number from a care sheet, this page leaves it out.
Feeding
A prey item should be between the same width as the widest part of the snake's body and about 1.5 times that width.
Widely used across snake husbandry references. An alternative formulation gives prey at 10-15% of the snake's body mass. This is established practice, not a measurement.
41kJ per day
Worked out for an animal of 406 g, the heaviest recorded for Field's Horned Viper — so it is the top of the range, not a figure for a particular animal. Weigh yours and the number will be lower.
An upper estimate, not a feeding target, and not veterinary advice. The equation covers only what an animal burns staying alive, so a growing, gravid or recovering animal needs more — and it was measured on wild animals, which move far more than one in an enclosure. Body condition and a vet who knows the species are what a feeding decision should rest on. Where this comes from.
What nobody knows
These are not gaps in our research. No scientific dataset records them for this species — and saying so is information you cannot get from a reference that simply leaves a field out.
- — Length snout to vent · adult male mean
- — Length snout to vent · adult mean
- — Female length · mean, nose to tail
- — Length nose to tail · adult male mean
- — Length nose to tail · adult mean
- — Largest female · snout to vent
- — Largest male · snout to vent
- — Largest female · shell length
- — Largest male · shell length
- — Largest juvenile · snout to vent
- — Largest juvenile · shell length
- — Egg length
- — Egg width
- — Body mass · a typical adult
- — Preferred body temperature · chosen in a laboratory gradient
- — Body temperature when active · measured in the wild
- — Eats arthropods
- — Eats vertebrates
- — Eats plant matter
- — How the young develop
- — Gestation or incubation
- — Clutches a year · fewest
- — Clutches a year · most
- — First breeds from · youngest recorded
- — First breeds by · oldest recorded
- — Hatchling length · smallest recorded
- — Hatchling length · largest recorded
- — Age at first breeding · female
- — Mature from · youngest recorded
- — Mature by · oldest recorded
- — Size at maturity · smallest recorded
- — Size at maturity · largest recorded
- — Body temp in the wild · lowest mean recorded
- — Body temp in the wild · highest mean recorded
- — Colour on the back
- — Pattern on the back
- — Pupil
- — Sex decided by
- — Red List criteria
- — Active season · shortest recorded
- — Active season · longest recorded
- — Density · lowest recorded
- — Density · highest recorded
- — Home range · largest recorded
- — Active in
- — Lowest it lives · above sea level
Others in Viperidae
Take this data
Everything on this page is available as data under CC BY 4.0 — use it freely, credit it, no permission needed.
This species as JSON · the whole dataset
Cite this page
The Reptile & Amphibian Encyclopedia (2026). Pseudocerastes fieldi. Retrieved 2026-09-08, from https://www.allanglescreatures.com/species/pseudocerastes-fieldi
@misc{pseudocerastes_fieldi_2026,
title = {Pseudocerastes fieldi},
author = {{The Reptile & Amphibian Encyclopedia}},
year = {2026},
url = {https://www.allanglescreatures.com/species/pseudocerastes-fieldi}
}Sources
- Meiri, S. (2024). SquamBase — a database of squamate (Reptilia: Squamata) traits. Global Ecology and Biogeography. Public domain (CC0).
- Oskyrko, O. et al. (2024). ReptTraits: a comprehensive dataset of ecological traits in reptiles. Scientific Data. Used under CC BY 4.0.
- Catalogue of Life (dataset 3LR), used under CC BY.