Reptilia · Squamata
Phrynocephalus persicusde Filippi, 1863
Persian Toad-headed Agama
Photograph by Tigran Tadevosyan, CC BY, via iNaturalist
A ground-dwelling, day-active, meat-eating lizard from the Saharo-Sindian region, reaching 60 mm snout to vent.
Reptilia › Squamata › Agamidae › Phrynocephalus
- Grows to
- 60mm
- greatest recorded
- Eats
- Carnivorous
- Active
- Diurnal
- Lives up to
- 5years
Longer than only 14% of all agamids anyone has measured.
The bar is the rank itself: its length is the share of the family this animal exceeds. The chart below is the family’s real spread, on a logarithmic scale because body length here runs from 32 to 418 mm. The solid rule is this animal. Every bar is a count of real species, and nothing on this figure is estimated.
What is known
37 sourced facts, each taken from a named scientific dataset. How to read these.
Cited from a dataset unless a row is marked otherwise.
Standing in the world
- Still living
- Extant
- Conservation status
- Vulnerable
- Status assessed · the year the Red List last looked
- 2008
- Population trend
- Stable
- Red List criteria
- A2c
The animal itself
- Limbs
- Four legs
- Venomous
- No
- Fangs
- None
- Longest recorded life
- 5years
- Body temperature when active · measured in the wild
- 38°C100 °F
mean body temperature of active individuals in nature
Size
- Length snout to vent · greatest recorded
- 60mm2.25 in
- Length snout to vent · adult female mean
- 45.7mm1.75 in
- Largest female · snout to vent
- 45.5mm1.75 in
- Hatchling length · snout to vent
- 23mm0.9 in
- Largest juvenile · snout to vent
- 23mm0.9 in
- Body mass · greatestcomputed
- 6.84g0.24 oz
Shai Meiri, unpublished
snout-vent length; the source column mixes this with straight carapace length
computed from length by a family-level allometric equation, not weighed
How it lives
- Diet
- Carnivorous
- How it hunts
- Active foraging
- Active
- Diurnal
- Where it lives
- Terrestrial
- Habitat
- Desert, Grassland, Shrubland
- Biome
- Temperate Broadleaf & Mixed Forests
- Region
- Saharo-Sindian
- Mainland or island
- Mainland
- Elevation · above sea level
- 1300–2700m
- Range size
- 355,799km²
Tadevosyan 2007 does not dicuss its prey, but make it clear it is an animalivore, arthropods (Arakelyan et al. 2011), Carnivorous (arthropods Kamali 2020)
Banfi et al. 2023
e.g., Kamali 2020
1300-2700 (Kamali 2020)
Breeding
- Reproduction
- Oviparous
- Average clutch
- 4.5eggs
- Eggs or young per clutch
- 2–7eggs
- Clutches in a year
- 2.5per year
Naming and history
- Suborder
- Sauria
- Infraorder
- Acrodontia
- Subspecies
- Phrynocephalus persicus horvathi MEHELY 1894 Phrynocephalus persicus persicus DE FILIPPI 1863
- Described by
- De Filippi
- Moved to another genus · since it was first described
- No
- Described in
- 1863
- Type locality
- “von Armenien bis Teheran": Armenia and Iran
Keeping one
Persian Toad-headed Agama is assessed as Vulnerable on the IUCN Red List. Species at risk in the wild are often covered by CITES and by national law, which decide what may be bought, sold, moved across a border or kept at all — and captive-bred and wild-caught animals are usually treated differently. Check the rules where you are before acquiring one. Nothing below is a judgement about keeping this species; it is what a published welfare standard says about space, and what the animal itself was measured doing.
9.5 in × 9.5 in × 6 in(24 × 24 × 15 cm)
Minimum length × width × height, for one animal. Bigger is always better.
The standard sizes ground-dwelling species at 4 × 4 × 2.5 times snout-vent length.
Mindestanforderungen an die Haltung von Reptilien (Sachverständigengutachten), German Federal Ministry for Nutrition, Agriculture and Forestry, Animal Welfare Division, 10 January 1997. The standard states these floor areas are recommendations rather than binding limits.
From this animal’s own snout-vent length of 2.25 in (60 mm), at 4 × 4 × 2.5 times it, following the German federal welfare standard — how this is worked out.
Active animals measured in the wild averaged 100 °F (38 °C).
Mean body temperature of active individuals measured in nature. A measurement of the animal, not a setting for a thermostat.
Feeding
A prey item should be no wider than the space between the animal's eyes.
Widely used across reptile husbandry references. The stated reason is that the gap approximates the width of the throat, so wider prey is associated with impaction. This is established practice, not a measurement.
1kJ per day
Worked out for an animal of 7 g, the heaviest recorded for Persian Toad-headed Agama — so it is the top of the range, not a figure for a particular animal. Weigh yours and the number will be lower.
An upper estimate, not a feeding target, and not veterinary advice. The equation covers only what an animal burns staying alive, so a growing, gravid or recovering animal needs more — and it was measured on wild animals, which move far more than one in an enclosure. Body condition and a vet who knows the species are what a feeding decision should rest on. Where this comes from.
What nobody knows
These are not gaps in our research. No scientific dataset records them for this species — and saying so is information you cannot get from a reference that simply leaves a field out.
- — Length snout to vent · adult male mean
- — Length snout to vent · adult mean
- — Length nose to tail · greatest recorded
- — Female length · mean, nose to tail
- — Length nose to tail · adult male mean
- — Length nose to tail · adult mean
- — Largest male · snout to vent
- — Largest female · shell length
- — Largest male · shell length
- — Hatchling length · nose to tail
- — Largest juvenile · shell length
- — Egg length
- — Egg width
- — Body mass · a typical adult
- — Body mass · adult female, mean
- — Body mass at hatching
- — Preferred body temperature · chosen in a laboratory gradient
- — Eats arthropods
- — Eats vertebrates
- — Eats plant matter
- — How the young develop
- — Gestation or incubation
- — Mean clutch · smallest reported
- — Mean clutch · largest reported
- — Clutches a year · fewest
- — Clutches a year · most
- — First breeds from · youngest recorded
- — First breeds by · oldest recorded
- — Hatchling length · smallest recorded
- — Hatchling length · largest recorded
- — Age at first breeding · female
- — Mature from · youngest recorded
- — Mature by · oldest recorded
- — Size at maturity · smallest recorded
- — Size at maturity · largest recorded
- — Body temp in the wild · lowest mean recorded
- — Body temp in the wild · highest mean recorded
- — Colour on the back
- — Pattern on the back
- — Pupil
- — Sex decided by
- — Active season · shortest recorded
- — Active season · longest recorded
- — Density · lowest recorded
- — Density · highest recorded
- — Home range · largest recorded
- — Active in
Others in Agamidae
Take this data
Everything on this page is available as data under CC BY 4.0 — use it freely, credit it, no permission needed.
This species as JSON · the whole dataset
Cite this page
The Reptile & Amphibian Encyclopedia (2026). Phrynocephalus persicus. Retrieved 2026-09-08, from https://www.allanglescreatures.com/species/phrynocephalus-persicus
@misc{phrynocephalus_persicus_2026,
title = {Phrynocephalus persicus},
author = {{The Reptile & Amphibian Encyclopedia}},
year = {2026},
url = {https://www.allanglescreatures.com/species/phrynocephalus-persicus}
}Sources
- Meiri, S. (2024). SquamBase — a database of squamate (Reptilia: Squamata) traits. Global Ecology and Biogeography. Public domain (CC0).
- Oskyrko, O. et al. (2024). ReptTraits: a comprehensive dataset of ecological traits in reptiles. Scientific Data. Used under CC BY 4.0.
- Catalogue of Life (dataset 3LR), used under CC BY.