Amphibia · Anura
Bufo verrucosissimusPallas, 1814
Caucasian Toad
Photograph by Alexander A. Fomichev, CC BY, via iNaturalist
A toad reaching 190 mm snout to vent.
Amphibia › Anura › Bufonidae › Bufo
- Grows to
- 190mm
- greatest recorded
- Lives up to
- 10years
- Lives
- Aquatic, terrestrial
- Red List
- Least Concern
Longer than 99% of all toads anyone has measured.
The bar is the rank itself: its length is the share of the family this animal exceeds. The chart below is the family’s real spread, on a logarithmic scale because body length here runs from 13 to 250 mm. The solid rule is this animal. Every bar is a count of real species, and nothing on this figure is estimated.
What is known
20 sourced facts, each taken from a named scientific dataset. How to read these.
Cited from a dataset unless a row is marked otherwise.
Standing in the world
- Conservation status
- Least Concern
- Population trend
- Decreasing
as reported by the IUCN Red List
The animal itself
- Longest recorded life
- 10years
Size
- Length snout to vent · greatest recorded
- 190mm7.5 in
- Length snout to vent · adult female mean
- 134mm5.25 in
- Length snout to vent · adult male mean
- 69.2mm2.75 in
snout-to-vent length, as this source reports for Anura
mean adult female snout-to-vent length
mean adult male snout-to-vent length
How it lives
- Eats arthropods
- Unknown
- Eats vertebrates
- Unknown
- Eats plant matter
- Unknown
- Where it lives
- Aquatic, terrestrial
- Active in
- Wet and cold
a blank flag in this source means unrecorded, not absent
Breeding
- Reproduction
- Oviparous
- How the young develop
- Through a larval stage
- Eggs or young per clutch
- 190–10,500eggs
- Clutches in a year
- 1per year
- Hatchling length
- 1.9–2.5mm0.1–0.1 in
- Mature at
- 2–7years
Naming and history
- Described by
- Pallas
- Moved to another genus · since it was first described
- Yes
- Described in
- 1814
Keeping one
- Land
- 95 × 95cm
- Water, at least 10 cm deep
- 38 × 19cm
Minimum, and for two animals — which is how the standard states it. Bigger is always better. Around 76 cm tall on average.
The standard gives 5 × 5 body lengths of land and 2 × 1 of water, for two animals.
For each further animal the standard asks for another 38 × 38 cm of land and 19 × 19 cm of water.
Swiss Tierschutzverordnung (TSchV), SR 455.1, Anhang 2, Tabelle 6 — legally binding minimum enclosure sizes for amphibians, given as multiples of total body length and stated for two animals.
From this animal’s own snout-vent length, which for a frog is its body length of 7.5 in (190 mm) — how this is worked out.
Caucasian Toad
What nobody knows
These are not gaps in our research. No scientific dataset records them for this species — and saying so is information you cannot get from a reference that simply leaves a field out.
- — Still living
- — Length snout to vent · adult mean
- — Length nose to tail · greatest recorded
- — Female length · mean, nose to tail
- — Length nose to tail · adult male mean
- — Length nose to tail · adult mean
- — Largest female · snout to vent
- — Largest male · snout to vent
- — Largest female · shell length
- — Largest male · shell length
- — Hatchling length · snout to vent
- — Hatchling length · nose to tail
- — Largest juvenile · snout to vent
- — Largest juvenile · shell length
- — Egg length
- — Egg width
- — Body mass · greatest
- — Body mass · a typical adult
- — Body mass · adult female, mean
- — Body mass at hatching
- — Preferred body temperature · chosen in a laboratory gradient
- — Body temperature when active · measured in the wild
- — Diet
- — How it hunts
- — Active
- — Gestation or incubation
- — Average clutch
- — Mean clutch · smallest reported
- — Mean clutch · largest reported
- — Clutches a year · fewest
- — Clutches a year · most
- — First breeds from · youngest recorded
- — First breeds by · oldest recorded
- — Age at first breeding · female
- — Size at maturity · smallest recorded
- — Size at maturity · largest recorded
- — Venomous
- — Fangs
- — Body temp in the wild · lowest mean recorded
- — Body temp in the wild · highest mean recorded
- — Limbs
- — Colour on the back
- — Pattern on the back
- — Pupil
- — Sex decided by
- — Status assessed · the year the Red List last looked
- — Red List criteria
- — Region
- — Biome
- — Active season · shortest recorded
- — Active season · longest recorded
- — Density · lowest recorded
- — Density · highest recorded
- — Home range · largest recorded
- — Suborder
- — Infraorder
- — Subspecies
- — Type locality
- — Habitat
- — Mainland or island
- — Lowest it lives · above sea level
- — Highest it lives · above sea level
- — Range size
Others in Bufonidae
Take this data
Everything on this page is available as data under CC BY 4.0 — use it freely, credit it, no permission needed.
This species as JSON · the whole dataset
Cite this page
The Reptile & Amphibian Encyclopedia (2026). Bufo verrucosissimus. Retrieved 2026-09-08, from https://www.allanglescreatures.com/species/bufo-verrucosissimus
@misc{bufo_verrucosissimus_2026,
title = {Bufo verrucosissimus},
author = {{The Reptile & Amphibian Encyclopedia}},
year = {2026},
url = {https://www.allanglescreatures.com/species/bufo-verrucosissimus}
}Sources
- Oliveira, B.F. et al. (2017). AmphiBIO, a global database for amphibian ecological traits. Scientific Data 4:170123. Used under CC BY 4.0.
- GBIF Secretariat. GBIF Backbone Taxonomy. Used under CC BY 4.0. Common names aggregated from constituent checklists.
- Catalogue of Life (dataset 3LR), used under CC BY.
- Huang, N. et al. (2023). Amphibian traits database: a global database on morphological traits of amphibians. Global Ecology and Biogeography 32, 633-641. Used under CC BY 4.0.
- Moura, M. R. et al. TetrapodTraits: a database of 33,281 tetrapod species. Used under CC BY 4.0. Observed values only; this encyclopedia does not publish its imputed predictions.